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1.
Arch. endocrinol. metab. (Online) ; 62(3): 303-308, May-June 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-950061

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in Brazil, imposing substantial economic burden on the health care system. Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is known to greatly increase the risk of premature coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to estimate the economic impact of hospitalizations due to CAD attributable to FH in the Brazilian Unified Health Care System (SUS). Subjects and methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional study of data obtained from the Hospital Information System of the SUS (SIHSUS). We selected all adults (≥ 20 years of age) hospitalized from 2012­-2014 with primary diagnoses related to CAD (ICD-10 I20 to I25). Attributable risk methodology estimated the contribution of FH in the outcomes of interest, using international data for prevalence (0.4% and 0.73%) and relative risk for events (RR = 8.56). Results: Assuming an international prevalence of FH of 0.4% and 0.73%, of the 245,981 CAD admissions/year in Brazil, approximately 7,249 and 12,915, respectively, would be attributable to an underlying diagnosis ­­of FH. The total cost due to CAD per year, considering both sexes and all adults, was R$ 985,919,064, of which R$ 29,053,500 and R$ 51,764,175, respectively, were estimated to be attributable to FH. The average cost per FH-related CAD event was R$ 4,008. Conclusion: Based on estimated costs of hospitalization for CAD, we estimated that 2.9-5.3% are directed to FH patients. FH can require early specific therapies to lower risk in families. It is mandatory to determine the prevalence of FH and institute appropriate treatment to minimize the clinical and economic impact of this disease in Brazil.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Coronary Artery Disease/economics , Public Health/economics , Health Care Costs/statistics & numerical data , Hospitalization/economics , Hypercholesterolemia/economics , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Coronary Artery Disease/therapy , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Hypercholesterolemia/complications , Hypercholesterolemia/therapy
3.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 89(5): 325-332, nov. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-470054

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO: As estatinas têm larga utilização por reduzirem eventos cardíacos. Indicadas para uso diário, no entanto alguns a utilizam em dias alternados, principalmente visando diminuição de custos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a eficácia da atorvastatina sem administração diária sobre os níveis de LDL-colesterol (LDL-C) e a redução dos custos. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 100 pacientes (P) hipercolesterolêmicos em prevenção primária (PP) e secundária (PS). Após período de dieta de 12 semanas iniciou-se atorvastatina 10 mg por dia. Após seis semanas foi dosado o LDL-C, e se níveis <80 ou <104 mg/dl conforme PS e PP, respectivamente, foi feita subtração de duas tomadas de atorvastatina da semana. Caso LDL-C continuasse <80 ou <104 mg/dl permitiria novo ajuste para três vezes na semana, sendo feita última dosagem após seis semanas. A variação porcentual de custos foi a forma de apreciar a economia. RESULTADOS: Em 47 P, dos 52 desse grupo, observou-se redução de LDL-C de 32 por cento, permanecendo com atorvastatina diária. Quarenta e um ficaram até o final do estudo e tiveram redução da posologia semanal. Em 25 P, a medicação foi administrada três vezes por semana e, em 16, cinco vezes por semana, exibindo redução de LDL-C de 42,4 por cento e 46,1 por cento, respectivamente. Sobre custos, um dos grupos teve despesa mensal de R$ 106,65 reduzido para R$ 74,65, e outro grupo, o gasto de R$ 106,65 foi reduzido a R$ 53,33. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que é possível administrar a atorvastatina de forma não-diária e observou-se redução dos custos entre 30 por cento e 50 por cento.


BACKGROUND: Statins are widely used because they reduce cardiac events. Although they are indicated for daily use, some doctorsgive prescriptions for every other day, mainly with the purpose of reducing costs. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of atorvastatin, when not administered everyday, on LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and also to evaluate cost reduction. METHODS: A total of 100 patients with hypercholesterolemia in primary (PP) and secondary prevention (SP) were assessed. After a 12-week diet period, atorvastatin was initiated at a dose of 10 mg per day. After six weeks, LDL-C was determined, and if the levels were <80 or <104 mg/dL for SP and PP, respectively, two atorvastatin doses were subtracted per week. If LDL-C remained <80 or <104 mg/dL, a further reduction to three times a week was allowed, and the last determination was performed after six more weeks. The percentage variation in costs was the parameter to evaluate the saving. RESULTS: In 47 out of the 52 patients of this group, a reduction by 32 percent in LDL-C was observed, and daily atorvastatin was maintained. Forty one patients remained throughout the study and had their weekly dosage reduced. In 25 patients the medication was administered three times a week, and in 16, five times a week, with reductions of 42.4 percent and 46.1 percent in LDL-C, respectively. As regards costs, one of the groups had their monthly expense reduced from R$ 106.65 to R$ 74.65, and the other group from R$ 106.65 to R$ 53.33. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that atorvastatin may be administered on a non-daily basis. A cost reduction between 30 percent and 50 percent was also observed.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anticholesteremic Agents/administration & dosage , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Heptanoic Acids/administration & dosage , Hypercholesterolemia/drug therapy , Pyrroles/administration & dosage , Anticholesteremic Agents/economics , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Drug Administration Schedule , Follow-Up Studies , Heptanoic Acids/economics , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/economics , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Hypercholesterolemia/economics , Prospective Studies , Pyrroles/economics , Treatment Outcome , Triglycerides/blood
4.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 85(3): 162-165, set. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-414342

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o percentual de pacientes adequados às metas preconizadas pelas III Diretrizes sobre Dislipidemias da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, numa população de baixa renda. Determinar se havia diferença deste percentual, nos pacientes de alto risco, conforme a idade (<75 anos x >75 anos). MÉTODOS: Analisamos consecutivamente 190 pacientes, divididos em dois grupos: 51 pacientes de baixo e médio risco (G I) e 139 de alto risco para doença arterial coronariana (G II). A amostra era caracterizada por pacientes de baixa renda (69 por cento dos pacientes tinham uma renda familiar entre 1 e 2 salários mínimos), cuja terapêutica hipolipemiante era fornecida irregularmente pelo Estado. RESULTADOS: Os G I e G II apresentavam, respectivamente, 70,1±13,7 anos e 13,7 por cento de homens e 68,5±10,6 anos e 62,6 por cento de homens. Dentre os pacientes do G II, 30 por cento apresentavam o LDL-colesterol dentro das metas preconizadas. Sendo que, a freqüência de pacientes adequados às metas foi, significativamente, menor em indivíduos com 75 anos ou mais que aqueles com menos de 75 anos (16 por cento vs. 30 por cento, p=0,04). CONCLUSAO: Numa população, predominantemente, de baixa renda e sem assistência contínua do Estado para adquirir estatinas, a obtenção das metas preconizadas para o LDL- colesterol, pelas III Diretrizes sobre Dislipidemias da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, é baixa e ainda, significativamente, menor em pacientes muito idosos, com perfil de alto risco para aterosclerose.


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Cholesterol, LDL , Coronary Artery Disease/prevention & control , Hypercholesterolemia/prevention & control , Poverty , Age Distribution , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coronary Artery Disease/blood , Coronary Artery Disease/economics , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Hypercholesterolemia/economics , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution
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